Romulus & Remus

Romulus and Remus, legendary twin brothers believed to be the sons of the war god Mars, are credited with founding the mighty city of Rome. Their story, shrouded in myth and mystery, is a captivating tale of fate, fratricide, and the origins of a civilization that would dominate the ancient world.

The Capitoline Wolf.

Parents: Mars and Rhea Silvia

Early Life

Born in the ancient Latin city of Alba Longa, their lineage was steeped in both royalty and divine favor. Their mother, Rhea Silvia, a vestal virgin and daughter of the deposed king Numitor, bore the twins after a fateful encounter with the war god Mars in a sacred grove.

Altar to Mars and Venus depicting elements of the myth, Ostia. Palazzo Massimo.

King Amulius, Numitor’s power-hungry brother, saw the infants as a threat to his reign. Ruthlessly, he ordered their deaths. Cast adrift in a basket on the unforgiving Tiber River, the twins’ fate seemed sealed. However, the river god Tiberinus, with a touch of the divine, intervened, ensuring their survival.

Guided by destiny, the basket carrying the twins drifted ashore where a she-wolf, a symbol of Mars, found them. In her lair, known as the Lupercal, the she-wolf nurtured the abandoned babes. Eventually, a shepherd named Faustulus stumbled upon the extraordinary sight and took the twins under his wing, raising them as his own.

The Shepherd Faustulus Bringing Romulus and Remus to His Wife by Nicolas Mignard, 1654.

Unaware of their royal heritage, Romulus and Remus grew up strong and resourceful, natural leaders who attracted a loyal following among the shepherds.

The Rightful King

As Romulus and Remus matured, their destiny unfolded. A dispute erupted, embroiling them in a conflict between supporters of their rightful grandfather, Numitor, and the tyrannical King Amulius. In the ensuing chaos, Remus was captured and dragged to Alba Longa. A glimmer of recognition sparked in both the king’s eyes and their grandfather’s – could these be the twins he’d ordered killed all those years ago?

Meanwhile, Romulus, fueled by a brotherly bond and a growing suspicion about their past, rallied a band of supporters. They stormed Alba Longa, a daring rescue mission morphing into a rebellion. The truth of their lineage was finally revealed. United with their grandfather, the twins, fueled by righteous anger and a thirst for justice, confronted Amulius.

The ensuing confrontation was swift and decisive. Amulius, weakened by years of paranoia and tyranny, was defeated. Justice was served – the rightful king, their grandfather Numitor, was restored to the throne of Alba Longa.

With their destiny fulfilled in Alba Longa, a new dream took root. The twins, yearning to carve their own path, decided to embark on a grander quest – the founding of their own city.

All Roads Lead to Rome

Returning to the familiar banks of the Tiber River, where their extraordinary childhood unfolded, the brothers faced a new challenge. Disagreement flared between them – where to build their grand city? Romulus set his sights on the Palatine Hill, overlooking the Lupercal cave, a place steeped in their past. Remus, however, favored the Aventine Hill.

Unable to reach an accord, they resolved to seek divine intervention. Augury, the art of interpreting signs from the gods, would determine the chosen location. Anxiously, both awaited a sign. Remus, overcome with excitement, declared he had seen six eagles soaring through the sky. But Romulus, undeterred, soon after proclaimed a sighting of twelve eagles, a considerably more auspicious number.

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Triumphant, Romulus began to build upon the Palatine Hill. The nascent city walls rose steadily. However, tension simmered between the brothers. In a reckless act of defiance, Remus leaped over the unfinished wall, a mocking gesture that challenged Romulus’ claim. In a moment of blinding rage, the unthinkable happened – Romulus struck his brother down.

The shadow of fratricide loomed large over the nascent city. Despite the tragic turn of events, Rome, named after Romulus, was born in 753 BC. Yet, the echo of this fraternal conflict would forever be intertwined with the city’s legendary origins.

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